Emergency Contraceptive Use among Female Students at Nursing and Midwifery Training Colleges in Ghana: A Case Study at Dunkwa-On-Offin
Asian Journal of Pregnancy and Childbirth,
Page 288-303
Abstract
Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the use of emergency contraceptives among female trainee nurses in Ghana using Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Dunkwa-On-Offin as a case study.
Methods: The study employed a case study design. A structured questionnaire was used, which took data on knowledge, perception and use of emergency contraceptives among female nursing students. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analysis techniques were used to analyze the data, and the level of significance was set at 0.05. Data were analysed with SPSS version 23.
Results: The results showed that majority of the respondents 215 (58.9%) were familiar with the purpose of family planning. Again, an overwhelming majority of the respondents (81.1%) said they had heard about emergency contraceptive and had their information from the health workers. It was agreed by the majority (55.9%) that emergency contraceptives were safe for users, hence positive perception about emergency contraceptive. The usage rate for emergency contraceptive use among the respondents was 63.0%. Age of the respondents was found to be statistically significant OR 0.21(CI; 0.43-1.12; p-value=0.000). Also, marital status and level/class were significant (p-value=0.001) and p-value=0.000 respectively.
Conclusion: The study concludes that if students are educated on when and how to use emergency contraceptive, the knowledge, perception and usage will help reduce unwanted pregnancies among female nursing students in Ghana. There is the need for service providers either at the facilities or pharmacies to provide adequate information about emergency contraceptive.
Keywords:
- Unwanted pregnancy
- abortion
- prevalence
How to Cite
Gyaase, P., Amofa, A. A., Ampim-Kyei, E., & Atta, J. (2023). Emergency Contraceptive Use among Female Students at Nursing and Midwifery Training Colleges in Ghana: A Case Study at Dunkwa-On-Offin. Asian Journal of Pregnancy and Childbirth, 6(1), 288-303. Retrieved from https://journalajpcb.com/index.php/AJPCB/article/view/30223
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Singh V, Thakur P, Nayak P, Agrawal S. Knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) of emergency contraceptive pills among women of reproductive age group attending AIIMS OPD Raipur (C.G.). International Journal of Advances in Medicine. 2018; 1(2):1. Available:https://doi.org/10.5455/2349-3933.ijam20140817
Abdul-razak A. Factors Influencing Non-Use of Modern Contraceptives among adolescents in the Sunyani Municipality. University of Ghana; 2020. Available:https:.//doi.org/10.1080/02724936.1987.11748497
Ahanonu EL. Attitudes of healthcare providers towards providing contraceptives for unmarried adolescents in Ibadan , Nigeria. 2017;8(1):33–40.
Althabe F, Moore JL, Gibbons L, Berrueta M, Goudar SS, Chomba E, McClure EM. Adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in adolescent pregnancies: The Global Network’s Maternal Newborn Health Registry study. Reproductive Health. 2019; 12(2):S8. Available:https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-12-S2-S8
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Kumi-Kyereme A., Awusabo-Asare K, Darteh EK. ofuo. M. Attitudes of gatekeepers towards adolescent sexual and reproductive health in Ghana. African Journal of Reproductive Health. 2014; 18(3):142–153.
Melaku YA, Berhane Y, Kinsman J, Reda HL. Sexual and reproductive health communication and awareness of contraceptive methods among secondary school female students, northern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2020;14(1):1–11. Available:https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-252
Boamah EA, Asante KP, Mahama E, Manu G, Ayipah E, Adeniji E, Owusu-Agyei S. Use of contraceptives among adolescents in Kintampo, Ghana: a cross-sectional study. Open Access Journal of Contraception. 2018;7. Available:https://doi.org/10.2147/oajc.s56485
Cleland K, Raymond EG, Westley E, Trussell J. Emergency contraception review: Evidence-based recommendations for clinicians. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2022;57(4):741–750. Available:https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000000056
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Ramathuba D. Secondary school girls’ knowledge, attitudes and sexual behaviour regarding teenage pregnancy, emergency contraception and sexuality in Thulamela municipality. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance (AJPHERD). 2020;1–9. Available:https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajpherd/article/view/88977
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Elvis J, Corresponding H, Buxton C. Contraceptive Knowledge, Perceptions and Use among Adolescents in Selected Senior High Schools in the Central Region of Ghana. 2019;3(2):170–180. Available:https://doi.org/10.5296/jsr.v3i2.2311
Frida M, Horiuchi S, Iida M. Evaluation of a reproductive health awareness program for adolescence in urban Tanzania-A. Reproductive Health. 2018;1–9.
Retrieved from:http://www.reproductive-health-journal.com/content/8/1/21
Lebese RT, Maputle MS, Mabunda JT, Chauke PK. Knowledge, attitudes and perception of students on teenage pregnancy: a case study of rural based University Students in South Africa. Journal of Human Ecology. 2019;51(1–2), 55–65. Available:https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2015.11906894
Melo J, Peters M, Teal S, Guiahi M. Adolescent and young women’s contraceptive decision-making processes: Choosing The Best Method for Her. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. 2019;28(4):224–228. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2014.08.001
Appiah-Agyekum NN, Kayi EA. Students’ perceptions of contraceptives in university of ghana. Journal of Family & Reproductive Health. 2020;7(1):39–44.
Retrieved from:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/24971101%0Ahttp://www.pubme9PMC4064744
Asiimwe JB, Ndugga P, Mushomi J. Socio-demographic factors associated with contraceptive use among young women in comparison with older women in Uganda; 2019.
FearonE, Wiggins RD, Pettifor AE, Hargreaves JR. Is the sexual behaviour of young people in sub-Saharan Africa influenced by their peers? A systematic review. Social Science and Medicine. 2015;146:62–74. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.039
Westley E, Kapp N, Palermo T, Bleck J. A review of global access to emergency contraception. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2013;123(1): 4–6. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.04.019
Tsui AO, McDonald-Mosley R, Burke AE. Family planning and the burden of unintended pregnancies. Epidemiologic Reviews. 2021;32(1):152–174. Available:https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxq012
Somba MJ, Mbonile M, Obure J, Mahande MJ. Sexual behaviour, contraceptive knowledge and use among female undergraduates’ students of Muhimbili and Dar es Salaam Universities, Tanzania : A cross-sectional study. 2019;1–8.
Birge O, Ozbey EG, Akgor U, Adiyeke M, Kayar I, Demir F. Local contraceptive practice in Sub-Saharan Africa. Proceedings in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021;6(1):1–3. Available:https://doi.org/10.17077/2154-4751.1295
Cahill N, Sonneveldt E, Stover J, Weinberger M, Williamson J, Wei C, Alkema, L. Modern contraceptive use, unmet need, and demand satisfied among women of reproductive age who are married or in a union in the focus countries of the Family Planning 2020 initiative: A systematic analysis using the Family Planning Estimation Tool. The Lancet. 2018;391(10123): 870–882. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33104-5
Dodam KK, Mohammed A, Eneye AH, Yeboah PA. Knowledge and Perception of Ghanaian Adolescents about Family Planning. 2021;(1).
Kamrul IM, Rabiul HM, Hema PS. Regional variations of contraceptive use in Bangladesh: A disaggregate analysis by place of residence. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(3): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230143
Gafar A, Suza DE, Efendi F, Pramono AP, Susanti IA, Mishbahatul E. Determinants of contraceptive use among married women in Indonesia; 2020.
Westley E, Kapp N, Palermo T, Bleck J. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics Review Article A review of global access to emergency contraception. 2021; 123:4–6.
Gipson JD, Hirz AE, Avila JL. Perceptions and practices of illegal abortion among urban young adults in the Philippines: A qualitative study. Studies in Family Planning. 2018;42(4): 261–272.
Williamson LM, Buston K, Sweeting H, Nsubuga H, Sekandi JN, Sempeera H, Tefera B. Original article knowledge, attitude and practice of emergency contraceptives among Adama University Female Students. BMC Women’s Health. 2017;14(1):195–202.
Singh V, Thakur P, Nayak P, Agrawal S. Knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) of emergency contraceptive pills among women of reproductive age group attending AIIMS OPD Raipur (C.G.). International Journal of Advances in Medicine. 2018; 1(2):1. Available:https://doi.org/10.5455/2349-3933.ijam20140817
Abdul-razak A. Factors Influencing Non-Use of Modern Contraceptives among adolescents in the Sunyani Municipality. University of Ghana; 2020. Available:https:.//doi.org/10.1080/02724936.1987.11748497
Ahanonu EL. Attitudes of healthcare providers towards providing contraceptives for unmarried adolescents in Ibadan , Nigeria. 2017;8(1):33–40.
Althabe F, Moore JL, Gibbons L, Berrueta M, Goudar SS, Chomba E, McClure EM. Adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in adolescent pregnancies: The Global Network’s Maternal Newborn Health Registry study. Reproductive Health. 2019; 12(2):S8. Available:https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-12-S2-S8
Adebowale SA, Adedini SA, Ibisomi LD, & Palamuleni, M. E. Differential effect of wealth quintile on modern contraceptive use and fertility: Evidence from Malawian women. BMC Women’s Health. 2021;14(1). Available:https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-14-40
Baxter S, Blank L, Guillaume L, Squires H, Payne N. Views of contraceptive service delivery to young people in the UK: A systematic review and thematic synthesis. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care. 2020;37(2):71–84. Available:https://doi.org/10.1136/jfprhc.2010.0014
Kumi-Kyereme A., Awusabo-Asare K, Darteh EK. ofuo. M. Attitudes of gatekeepers towards adolescent sexual and reproductive health in Ghana. African Journal of Reproductive Health. 2014; 18(3):142–153.
Melaku YA, Berhane Y, Kinsman J, Reda HL. Sexual and reproductive health communication and awareness of contraceptive methods among secondary school female students, northern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2020;14(1):1–11. Available:https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-252
Boamah EA, Asante KP, Mahama E, Manu G, Ayipah E, Adeniji E, Owusu-Agyei S. Use of contraceptives among adolescents in Kintampo, Ghana: a cross-sectional study. Open Access Journal of Contraception. 2018;7. Available:https://doi.org/10.2147/oajc.s56485
Cleland K, Raymond EG, Westley E, Trussell J. Emergency contraception review: Evidence-based recommendations for clinicians. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2022;57(4):741–750. Available:https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000000056
Britton LE, Alspaugh A, Greene MZ, McLemore MR. An Evidence-Based Update on Contraception. HHS Public Access. 2020;25(3):289–313. Available:https://doi.org/110.1016/j.bbi.2017.04.008
Ramathuba D. Secondary school girls’ knowledge, attitudes and sexual behaviour regarding teenage pregnancy, emergency contraception and sexuality in Thulamela municipality. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance (AJPHERD). 2020;1–9. Available:https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajpherd/article/view/88977
Nortey PNO. University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh University of Ghana; March 2019. 142. Available:http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh
Nyarko SH. Prevalence and correlates of contraceptive use among female adolescents in Ghana. BMC Women’s Health. 2015;4–9. Available:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-015-0221-2
Osaikhuwuomwan JA, Osemwenkha AP. Adolescents’ perspective regarding adolescent pregnancy, sexuality and contraception. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction. 2019;2(1):58–62. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2305-0500(13)60118-9
Takura M, Zaidi S. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics Addressing critical gaps in achieving universal access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH): The case for improving adolescent SRH, preventing unsafe abortion, and enhancing linkages between SRH an. 2019; 110:20–23.
Elvis J, Corresponding H, Buxton C. Contraceptive Knowledge, Perceptions and Use among Adolescents in Selected Senior High Schools in the Central Region of Ghana. 2019;3(2):170–180. Available:https://doi.org/10.5296/jsr.v3i2.2311
Frida M, Horiuchi S, Iida M. Evaluation of a reproductive health awareness program for adolescence in urban Tanzania-A. Reproductive Health. 2018;1–9.
Retrieved from:http://www.reproductive-health-journal.com/content/8/1/21
Lebese RT, Maputle MS, Mabunda JT, Chauke PK. Knowledge, attitudes and perception of students on teenage pregnancy: a case study of rural based University Students in South Africa. Journal of Human Ecology. 2019;51(1–2), 55–65. Available:https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2015.11906894
Melo J, Peters M, Teal S, Guiahi M. Adolescent and young women’s contraceptive decision-making processes: Choosing The Best Method for Her. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. 2019;28(4):224–228. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2014.08.001
Appiah-Agyekum NN, Kayi EA. Students’ perceptions of contraceptives in university of ghana. Journal of Family & Reproductive Health. 2020;7(1):39–44.
Retrieved from:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/24971101%0Ahttp://www.pubme9PMC4064744
Asiimwe JB, Ndugga P, Mushomi J. Socio-demographic factors associated with contraceptive use among young women in comparison with older women in Uganda; 2019.
FearonE, Wiggins RD, Pettifor AE, Hargreaves JR. Is the sexual behaviour of young people in sub-Saharan Africa influenced by their peers? A systematic review. Social Science and Medicine. 2015;146:62–74. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.039
Westley E, Kapp N, Palermo T, Bleck J. A review of global access to emergency contraception. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2013;123(1): 4–6. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.04.019
Tsui AO, McDonald-Mosley R, Burke AE. Family planning and the burden of unintended pregnancies. Epidemiologic Reviews. 2021;32(1):152–174. Available:https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxq012
Somba MJ, Mbonile M, Obure J, Mahande MJ. Sexual behaviour, contraceptive knowledge and use among female undergraduates’ students of Muhimbili and Dar es Salaam Universities, Tanzania : A cross-sectional study. 2019;1–8.
Birge O, Ozbey EG, Akgor U, Adiyeke M, Kayar I, Demir F. Local contraceptive practice in Sub-Saharan Africa. Proceedings in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021;6(1):1–3. Available:https://doi.org/10.17077/2154-4751.1295
Cahill N, Sonneveldt E, Stover J, Weinberger M, Williamson J, Wei C, Alkema, L. Modern contraceptive use, unmet need, and demand satisfied among women of reproductive age who are married or in a union in the focus countries of the Family Planning 2020 initiative: A systematic analysis using the Family Planning Estimation Tool. The Lancet. 2018;391(10123): 870–882. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33104-5
Dodam KK, Mohammed A, Eneye AH, Yeboah PA. Knowledge and Perception of Ghanaian Adolescents about Family Planning. 2021;(1).
Kamrul IM, Rabiul HM, Hema PS. Regional variations of contraceptive use in Bangladesh: A disaggregate analysis by place of residence. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(3): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230143
Gafar A, Suza DE, Efendi F, Pramono AP, Susanti IA, Mishbahatul E. Determinants of contraceptive use among married women in Indonesia; 2020.
Westley E, Kapp N, Palermo T, Bleck J. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics Review Article A review of global access to emergency contraception. 2021; 123:4–6.
Gipson JD, Hirz AE, Avila JL. Perceptions and practices of illegal abortion among urban young adults in the Philippines: A qualitative study. Studies in Family Planning. 2018;42(4): 261–272.
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